host

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host NAME prints the addresses and mail servers of a name in plain sentences. host IP does a reverse lookup. Use -t for other record types. For details use dig.

طريقة الكتابة

host [OPTION]... NAME [SERVER]

الخيارات 20

الأكثر استخدامًا

-t TYPE: Record type: A, AAAA, MX, NS, TXT, SOA, PTR, SRV, CNAME, ANY …
-a: All: verbose output with type ANY.
-A: Almost all: like -a without RRSIG, NSEC, NSEC3.
-v, -d: Verbose (like dig output).
-C: Compare the SOA records of all authoritative servers.
-l: List a zone with a zone transfer (AXFR).
-r: No recursion.
-s: Do not try the next server after a SERVFAIL.
-T: Use TCP.
-U: Use UDP (default).
-4: Use IPv4 for the transport.
-6: Use IPv6 for the transport.
-c CLASS: Query class (IN default).
-N NDOTS: Dots needed before the name is tried as is.
-p PORT: Use another port.
-R NUMBER: Number of UDP retries.
-W WAIT: Wait this many seconds for an answer.
-w: Wait forever.
-m FLAG: Memory debugging (record, trace, usage).
-V: Show the version.

أمثلة 10

$ مستخدم عادي# بصلاحية root (أو مع sudo)

1Look up a name

$host www.redhat.com
www.redhat.com is an alias for www.redhat.com.edgekey.net.
www.redhat.com.edgekey.net is an alias for e3396.dscx.akamaiedge.net.
e3396.dscx.akamaiedge.net has address 23.40.100.73

Plain text answer.

2Reverse lookup

$host 192.168.122.20
20.122.168.192.in-addr.arpa domain name pointer server2.example.com.

PTR record of the IP.

3Mail servers
```
$host -t MX s0sta.com
```
Check after you move mail.
4Ask another DNS server
```
$host server2.example.com 192.168.122.1
```
The last argument is the server.
5Text records
```
$host -t TXT s0sta.com
```
SPF and site verification records.
6Compare the SOA of all name servers
```
$host -C s0sta.com
```
Different serials = a secondary did not get the update.
7All records, verbose
```
$host -a s0sta.com
```
Many servers block ANY today.
8Test a zone transfer (security, own zones)
```
$host -l example.com ns1.example.com
```
Should be refused for the public; open AXFR leaks all names.
9IPv6 address
```
$host -t AAAA www.google.com
```
Check that IPv6 records exist.
10Quick check in a script
```
$host -W 2 server2 >/dev/null && echo "DNS ok"
```
Exit code 0 when the name was found.

رموز الخروج

`0`	Found.
`1`	Not found or error.

`host`

ماذا يفعل

طريقة الكتابة

الخيارات 20

أمثلة 10

1Look up a name

2Reverse lookup

3Mail servers

4Ask another DNS server

5Text records

6Compare the SOA of all name servers

7All records, verbose

8Test a zone transfer (security, own zones)

9IPv6 address

10Quick check in a script

رموز الخروج

الدليل الكامل

ماذا يفعل

طريقة الكتابة

الخيارات 20

أمثلة 10

1Look up a name

2Reverse lookup

3Mail servers

4Ask another DNS server

5Text records

6Compare the SOA of all name servers

7All records, verbose

8Test a zone transfer (security, own zones)

9IPv6 address

10Quick check in a script

رموز الخروج

أوامر مرتبطة

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الدليل الكامل

`host`