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Red Hat System Administration II (RH134)

The second Red Hat course. You automate with scripts and schedules, read logs, use SELinux, manage storage and LVM, repair the boot, protect the network, use NFS, install with Kickstart, run containers with Podman and use image mode.

Course by
Red Hat
Course code
RH134
Version
RHEL 10.0
Lessons
132

These summaries follow the public outline of the course. I wrote every lesson in my own words and tested the commands on RHEL 10. They are not Red Hat training material. Take the official course for the full content and the hands-on labs.

Next course: AZ-104

Parts and chapters

Part 1

Scripts and schedules

  1. 1Write shell scripts and work faster on the command lineShell Scripting and the Command Line8 lessons
    Lessons
    1. 1.1 Write and run your first script
    2. 1.2 Use variables and quotes
    3. 1.3 Read the input of a script
    4. 1.4 Use exit codes
    5. 1.5 Test conditions
    6. 1.6 Choose with if and case
    7. 1.7 Repeat with for and while
    8. 1.8 Find bugs in a script
  2. 2Find text with regular expressionsUsing Regular Expressions for Practical Applications8 lessons
    Lessons
    1. 2.1 Know what a regex is
    2. 2.2 Anchor the match at the start or end
    3. 2.3 Match any character and repeats
    4. 2.4 Use character classes
    5. 2.5 Use extended regex with grep -E
    6. 2.6 Use the most useful grep options
    7. 2.7 Clean up config files and logs
    8. 2.8 Use regex in vim, sed and awk
  3. 3Run your own jobs later or on a scheduleScheduling User Tasks6 lessons
    Lessons
    1. 3.1 Run a command once later with at
    2. 3.2 Write a personal crontab
    3. 3.3 Make cron jobs work like in the shell
    4. 3.4 Check that cron jobs ran
    5. 3.5 Use a systemd user timer
    6. 3.6 Choose the right tool
  4. 4Schedule system jobs and clean temporary filesScheduling System Tasks6 lessons
    Lessons
    1. 4.1 Use the system cron files
    2. 4.2 Catch up missed jobs with anacron
    3. 4.3 List and read systemd timers
    4. 4.4 Write your own system timer
    5. 4.5 Write the right time for OnCalendar
    6. 4.6 Manage temporary files with systemd-tmpfiles

Part 2

Logs

  1. 5Read, keep and use system logsAnalyzing and Storing Logs8 lessons
    Lessons
    1. 5.1 Know the two log systems
    2. 5.2 Read a log line
    3. 5.3 Search the journal
    4. 5.4 Keep the journal after a reboot
    5. 5.5 Write your own log messages
    6. 5.6 Rotate the log files
    7. 5.7 Keep the system time right
    8. 5.8 Sync the time with chrony
  2. 6Protect the system with SELinuxManaging Security with SELinux7 lessons
    Lessons
    1. 6.1 Know why SELinux matters
    2. 6.2 Read and change the mode
    3. 6.3 Show the contexts
    4. 6.4 Give files the right type for good
    5. 6.5 Put labels back with restorecon
    6. 6.6 Switch features on with booleans
    7. 6.7 Find and explain a denial
  3. 7Pack and compress files with tarArchiving Files7 lessons
    Lessons
    1. 7.1 Know archives and compression
    2. 7.2 Create an archive
    3. 7.3 Look inside an archive
    4. 7.4 Unpack an archive
    5. 7.5 Keep rights, owners and SELinux labels
    6. 7.6 Compress single files
    7. 7.7 Check an archive after you copy it
  4. 8Copy files safely between systemsTransferring Files6 lessons
    Lessons
    1. 8.1 Copy files with scp
    2. 8.2 Work interactively with sftp
    3. 8.3 Sync folders with rsync
    4. 8.4 Mind the slash at the end
    5. 8.5 Copy only through SSH keys
    6. 8.6 Choose the right tool

Part 3

Performance and storage

  1. 9Tune the system and set process prioritiesTuning System Performance7 lessons
    Lessons
    1. 9.1 Know what tuned does
    2. 9.2 Choose and check a profile
    3. 9.3 Make your own profile
    4. 9.4 Understand nice values
    5. 9.5 Start a process with a nice value
    6. 9.6 Change the priority of a running process
    7. 9.7 Find what slows the system down
  2. 10Create partitions, file systems and swapManaging Basic Storage7 lessons
    Lessons
    1. 10.1 Know MBR and GPT
    2. 10.2 Make partitions with parted
    3. 10.3 Create file systems
    4. 10.4 Mount now and at every boot
    5. 10.5 Unmount and check a file system
    6. 10.6 Add swap space
    7. 10.7 Mount with a systemd mount unit
  3. 11Manage storage with LVMManaging Storage with Logical Volume Manager8 lessons
    Lessons
    1. 11.1 Know the three layers
    2. 11.2 Create physical volumes and a volume group
    3. 11.3 Create logical volumes
    4. 11.4 Grow a volume group
    5. 11.5 Grow a logical volume and its file system
    6. 11.6 Make a logical volume smaller
    7. 11.7 Use an LV as swap
    8. 11.8 Remove LVM storage

Part 4

Boot and recovery

  1. 12Control the boot and fix boot problemsControlling and Troubleshooting the Boot Process7 lessons
    Lessons
    1. 12.1 Know the steps of the boot
    2. 12.2 Know the targets
    3. 12.3 Boot one time into another target
    4. 12.4 Change kernel options for good
    5. 12.5 Repair a wrong fstab line
    6. 12.6 Use the debug shell for hard cases
    7. 12.7 Repair the boot loader and the initramfs
  2. 13Get root access backRecovering Superuser Access6 lessons
    Lessons
    1. 13.1 Know what you need
    2. 13.2 Reset the password with rd.break
    3. 13.3 Reset the password with init=/bin/bash
    4. 13.4 Use the installation ISO
    5. 13.5 Unlock a locked root account
    6. 13.6 Protect servers from the same trick

Part 5

Network security and NFS

  1. 14Protect network services with firewalld and SELinuxManaging Network Security7 lessons
    Lessons
    1. 14.1 Know firewalld and zones
    2. 14.2 Open a service
    3. 14.3 Open a port
    4. 14.4 Use zones and sources
    5. 14.5 Write rich rules
    6. 14.6 Allow a service on a non-standard port
    7. 14.7 Test from outside
  2. 15Mount network storage with NFS and autofsAccessing Network-attached Storage8 lessons
    Lessons
    1. 15.1 Know NFS
    2. 15.2 Find the exports of a server
    3. 15.3 Mount a share by hand
    4. 15.4 Mount at boot with fstab
    5. 15.5 Mount on demand with autofs
    6. 15.6 Mount every home folder with a wildcard
    7. 15.7 Use a direct map
    8. 15.8 Find NFS problems

Part 6

Install

  1. 16Install RHEL by hand and with KickstartInstalling Red Hat Enterprise Linux6 lessons
    Lessons
    1. 16.1 Plan the installation
    2. 16.2 Install interactively with Anaconda
    3. 16.3 Read a Kickstart file
    4. 16.4 Lay out the disks yourself
    5. 16.5 Check the file before you use it
    6. 16.6 Start an installation with Kickstart
  2. 17Run containers with PodmanManaging Containers with Podman7 lessons
    Lessons
    1. 17.1 Know images, containers and registries
    2. 17.2 Find and pull images
    3. 17.3 Run a container
    4. 17.4 Manage running containers
    5. 17.5 Keep data in a volume
    6. 17.6 Build your own image
    7. 17.7 Start a container at boot with Quadlet
  3. 18Build, install and update image-mode systemsWorking with Image-based Red Hat Enterprise Linux7 lessons
    Lessons
    1. 18.1 Know image mode
    2. 18.2 Write the Containerfile
    3. 18.3 Build and test the image
    4. 18.4 Make a disk image with bootc-image-builder
    5. 18.5 Install an image-mode system
    6. 18.6 Check, update and roll back
    7. 18.7 Make a quick change for testing

Part 7

Review

  1. 19Review everything you learnedComprehensive Review6 lessons
    Lessons
    1. 19.1 Scripts and schedules
    2. 19.2 Logs, SELinux, archives and transfer
    3. 19.3 Performance and storage
    4. 19.4 Boot, recovery, network and NFS
    5. 19.5 Install, containers and image mode
    6. 19.6 Plan the exam

What you learn

The main skills of the course and the chapter where you learn each one.

Automate the work

Logs

Performance and storage

Boot and recovery

Network and storage over the network

Install