Lab 8.1: Give server1 a fixed address, a name and a hosts entry

Goal

Set up the network of server1 by hand, the way the exam asks for it. At the end, every setting must still work after a reboot.

Before you start

You need two virtual machines with RHEL 10 (or CentOS Stream 10 / AlmaLinux 10): server1 and server2, on the same network.
In this lab the network is 192.168.122.0/24 with the gateway 192.168.122.1. Use the numbers of your own network if they are different.
Work on the console of server1, not over SSH: you change the address you are connected to.

Tasks

Find the name of the network card and of its active connection profile on server1.
Give the profile a fixed IPv4 address 192.168.122.10/24, the gateway 192.168.122.1 and the DNS server 192.168.122.1. Do not make a new profile.
Add a second IPv4 address 192.168.122.110/24 to the same profile.
Set the hostname of server1 to server1.example.com.
Make sure that server1 can reach server2 by the names server2 and server2.example.com, also when no DNS server knows server2. (server2 has the address 192.168.122.20.)
Make sure the profile starts by itself at boot. Reboot server1 and check everything again.

Check your work

Run these commands after the reboot. Every line must show the expected value.

$nmcli -f NAME,DEVICE,STATE con show --active
$ip -br -4 a show enp1s0
$ip route show default
$cat /etc/resolv.conf
$hostnamectl --static
$getent hosts server2
$ping -c 2 server2

ip -br -4 a shows 192.168.122.10/24 and 192.168.122.110/24.
The default route is via 192.168.122.1.
/etc/resolv.conf has nameserver 192.168.122.1.
hostnamectl --static prints server1.example.com.
getent hosts server2 prints 192.168.122.20 with both names.

Hints

Show the hints

nmcli connection show lists the profiles. The DEVICE column shows the card.
ipv4.method manual is needed for a fixed address.
A + before ipv4.addresses adds an address instead of replacing it.
The hosts file is read before DNS. Put the full name first, then the short name.

Solution

Show the solution

Find the card and the profile. Here both are called enp1s0; yours can be different.
```
$nmcli con show
```

Set the fixed address, the gateway and DNS on the existing profile.

#nmcli con mod enp1s0 ipv4.method manual ipv4.addresses 192.168.122.10/24 ipv4.gateway 192.168.122.1 ipv4.dns 192.168.122.1

Add the second address, then activate the profile.

#nmcli con mod enp1s0 +ipv4.addresses 192.168.122.110/24
#nmcli con up enp1s0

Set the hostname.

#hostnamectl set-hostname server1.example.com

Add server2 to the hosts file.

#echo "192.168.122.20  server2.example.com server2" >> /etc/hosts

Turn on autoconnect, reboot, and run the checks again.

#nmcli con mod enp1s0 connection.autoconnect yes
#systemctl reboot

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Give server1 a fixed address, a name and a hosts entry