Install desktop apps with Flatpak

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$ مستخدم عادي# بصلاحية root (أو مع sudo)

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تثبيت تطبيقات سطح المكتب باستخدام Flatpak

Know when to use Flatpak

Use DNF for the system and server software. Use Flatpak for desktop apps that users need in a newer version or without touching the base system.

	RPM / DNF	Flatpak
For	System tools, services, libraries	Desktop applications
Libraries	Shared with the system	Own runtime, kept apart
Rights	Full access to the system	Sandbox: only the rights the app asks for
Updates	With the system (`dnf update`)	Per app (`flatpak update`)
Install as user	No, needs root	Yes, with `--user`

13.2

Add the Red Hat Flatpak remote

A remote is a Flatpak repository. Add the Red Hat remote once, then log in to the Red Hat registry.

#dnf install flatpak
$flatpak remotes
#flatpak remote-add --if-not-exists rhel https://flatpaks.redhat.io/rhel.flatpakrepo
$podman login registry.redhat.io
Username: anna.admin
Password:
Login Succeeded!
$flatpak remotes --show-details

The Red Hat apps are stored as container images in registry.redhat.io, so you log in with your Red Hat account (or a registry service account token for many machines).
The login of podman login is kept only until you log out. To keep it, copy $XDG_RUNTIME_DIR/containers/auth.json to ~/.config/flatpak/oci-auth.json. For all users the file is /etc/flatpak/oci-auth.json.

Optional: add Flathub, the big community remote.

#flatpak remote-add --if-not-exists flathub https://dl.flathub.org/repo/flathub.flatpakrepo

انتبه

Apps from Flathub are not built or supported by Red Hat. In a company, check the policy before you add other remotes.

13.3

Find and install an app

Search the remotes, then install the app by its application ID (a reverse domain name like org.mozilla.firefox).

$flatpak search firefox
Name      Description          Application ID        Version  Branch  Remotes
Firefox   Fast, Private & Safe  org.mozilla.firefox   140.4.0  stable  rhel
#flatpak install rhel org.mozilla.firefox
$flatpak install --user flathub org.gnome.Calculator
$flatpak list
$flatpak list --app
$flatpak info org.mozilla.firefox

Install	Where	Who can use it
system (default)	`/var/lib/flatpak`	All users; needs root (or a polkit password prompt)
`--user`	`~/.local/share/flatpak`	Only you; no root needed

The first install of an app also installs its runtime (for example the RHEL Flatpak runtime). Later apps with the same runtime install faster.

13.4

Run, update and remove apps

Start apps from the desktop menu or with flatpak run. Update all apps with one command.

$flatpak run org.mozilla.firefox
$flatpak ps
$flatpak kill org.mozilla.firefox
$flatpak update
$flatpak update org.mozilla.firefox
#flatpak uninstall org.mozilla.firefox
$flatpak uninstall --unused
$flatpak history

في العمل

flatpak uninstall --unused removes runtimes that no app needs any more — often several hundred MiB.

13.5

Check the rights of an app

Every Flatpak app lists the rights it needs (files, network, devices). You can see and change them.

$flatpak info --show-permissions org.mozilla.firefox
[Context]
shared=network;ipc;
sockets=x11;wayland;pulseaudio;
devices=all;
filesystems=xdg-download;
$flatpak override --user --nofilesystem=home org.gnome.Calculator
$flatpak override --user --show org.gnome.Calculator
$flatpak override --user --reset org.gnome.Calculator

تذكّر

filesystems=xdg-download means the app may use only your Downloads folder — not your whole home folder. Fewer rights = less damage if the app has a security hole.

13.6

Use the graphical tool

In the GNOME desktop, the Software app shows Flatpak apps from all remotes, with buttons to install, update and remove.

Open Activities → Software.
Search for the app, click it, and check the Source (for example rhel).
Click Install. Updates appear in the Updates tab.

$gnome-software

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