معمل 17.2: Change GRUB 2 boot options

هذا الجزء لم يُترجم بعد. أنت ترى النص الإنجليزي.

الهدف

Make the boot messages visible, change the menu timeout, and choose the default kernel.

قبل أن تبدأ

Work on server1 as root. Take a VM snapshot first: mistakes in GRUB can stop the boot.

المهام

Show the kernel command line of the running kernel and the BLS entries in /boot.
Remove the options rhgb and quiet from all kernels, so you see the boot messages.
Set the GRUB menu timeout to 10 seconds.
Show the default kernel. If you have more than one kernel, make the older one the default, check it, and set the newest back.
Reboot. In the GRUB menu, press e and look at the linux line, then boot with Ctrl+X. Check the new command line.

تحقّق من عملك

$cat /proc/cmdline
#grubby --info=DEFAULT | grep args
#grep GRUB_TIMEOUT /etc/default/grub
#grubby --default-kernel

/proc/cmdline has no rhgb and no quiet.
GRUB_TIMEOUT=10 and the menu waited 10 seconds.

تلميحات

اعرض التلميحات

grubby --update-kernel=ALL --remove-args="…".
Timeout: /etc/default/grub and grub2-mkconfig -o /boot/grub2/grub.cfg.
grubby --set-default.

الحل

اعرض الحل

Look at the current state.

$cat /proc/cmdline
#ls /boot/loader/entries/

Remove rhgb and quiet.

#grubby --update-kernel=ALL --remove-args="rhgb quiet"

Timeout of 10 seconds.

#sed -i 's/^GRUB_TIMEOUT=.*/GRUB_TIMEOUT=10/' /etc/default/grub
#grub2-mkconfig -o /boot/grub2/grub.cfg

Default kernel.

#grubby --default-kernel
#grubby --info=ALL | grep ^kernel
#grubby --set-default /boot/vmlinuz-OLDER-VERSION
#grubby --set-default /boot/vmlinuz-$(uname -r)

Reboot and check.
```
#systemctl reboot
$cat /proc/cmdline
```

Change GRUB 2 boot options

الهدف

قبل أن تبدأ

المهام

تحقّق من عملك

تلميحات

الحل

ملاحظاتي

دروس هذا المعمل

الأوامر في هذا المعمل