sort

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طريقة الكتابة

sort [OPTION]... [FILE]...

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$ مستخدم عادي# بصلاحية root (أو مع sudo)

1. 1Sort lines alphabetically

   $sort names.txt

   A to Z.

2. 2Sort numbers the right way

   $sort -n numbers.txt

   Without -n, 10 comes before 9 (text order).

3. 3Biggest folders last (human sizes)

   #du -sh /var/* 2>/dev/null | sort -h

   -h understands K, M and G.

4. 4Sort /etc/passwd by UID

   $sort -t: -k3,3n /etc/passwd

   Field separator :, key = field 3 only, as a number.

5. 5Top list of anything

   $cut -d: -f7 /etc/passwd | sort | uniq -c | sort -rn

   Count each value, the most common first.

6. 6The IPs with the most requests in a web log

   $awk '{print $1}' /var/log/httpd/access_log | sort | uniq -c | sort -rn | head

   The first step when a site is slow or attacked.

7. 7Unique values only

   $sort -u hosts-from-many-files.txt

   Same as sort | uniq.

8. 8Sort version numbers

   $ls /srv/releases | sort -V

   v1.2, v1.10, v2.0 in the right order.

9. 9Sort by the second column, reverse

   $sort -k2,2nr scores.txt

   Highest score first.

10. 10Sort a file in place

    $sort -o users.txt users.txt

    -o can write to the same file safely (redirect > cannot).

11. 11Check if a file is sorted

    $sort -c list.txt && echo sorted

    Exit code 0 when sorted.

12. 12Sort a huge file faster

    $sort -S 2G --parallel=4 -T /var/tmp big.csv > big-sorted.csv

    More memory and threads; temp files on a disk with space.

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