lspci

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lspci shows every device on the PCI bus with its vendor and model. -k adds the kernel driver in use and the modules that could drive it — the quick check that hardware works. -nn shows the numeric vendor:device IDs for searching drivers. Some details need root.

طريقة الكتابة

lspci [OPTION]...

الخيارات 22

الأكثر استخدامًا

Display

-k: Show the kernel driver in use and possible modules.
-v, -vv, -vvv: More and more details.
-nn: Names and numeric IDs (vendor:device).
-n: Only numeric IDs.
-t: Tree view of buses and bridges.
-m, -mm: Machine-readable output.
-b: Bus-centric view (IRQs and addresses as the card sees them).
-D: Always show the PCI domain.
-P, -PP: Show the path through bridges.
-x, -xxx, -xxxx: Hex dump of the config space (root for the full dump).
-q, -qq, -Q: Ask the online PCI ID database for unknown devices.

Select

-s [[[[DOMAIN]:]BUS]:][DEV][.[FUNC]]: Only this slot, like -s 00:03.0.
-d [VENDOR]:[DEVICE][:CLASS]: Only this vendor/device/class, like -d 8086:.

Data sources

-i FILE: Use this pci.ids file.
-p FILE: Use this modules.pcimap file.
-M: Bus mapping mode (full scan).
-A METHOD: Access method.
-O PARAM=VALUE: Library parameters.
-H1, -H2: Direct hardware access (old).
-F FILE: Read a hex dump from a file.
-G: Library debug.
--version: Show the version.

أمثلة 10

$ مستخدم عادي# بصلاحية root (أو مع sudo)

1All PCI devices

$lspci
00:01.0 VGA compatible controller: Red Hat, Inc. Virtio 1.0 GPU (rev 01)
01:00.0 Ethernet controller: Red Hat, Inc. Virtio 1.0 network device (rev 01)

Slot, class and model.

2Devices with their drivers

$lspci -k
01:00.0 Ethernet controller: Red Hat, Inc. Virtio 1.0 network device (rev 01)
	Kernel driver in use: virtio-pci

No "driver in use" = no driver loaded.

3Network cards only
```
$lspci | grep -i ethernet
```
Then lspci -k -s SLOT.

4IDs for driver search

$lspci -nn | grep -i net
01:00.0 Ethernet controller [0200]: Red Hat, Inc. Virtio 1.0 network device [1af4:1041] (rev 01)

1af4:1041 = vendor:device.

5One device in detail
```
#lspci -vv -s 01:00.0
```
Capabilities, link speed, IRQ.
6Tree view
```
$lspci -t
```
Which device sits behind which bridge.
7Only Intel devices
```
$lspci -d 8086:
```
Filter by vendor ID.
8Check the PCIe link speed of an NVMe disk
```
#lspci -vv -s 03:00.0 | grep -E 'LnkCap|LnkSta'
```
A slower LnkSta than LnkCap = wrong slot or bad link.
9Update the ID database
```
#update-pciids
```
Newer names for new hardware (needs internet).
10Hardware inventory for audits
```
$lspci -mm > /tmp/pci-$(hostname -s).txt
```
Machine-readable list per host.

الملفات

/usr/share/hwdata/pci.ids: Names of vendors and devices.

رموز الخروج

`0`	Done.
`1`	Error.

`lspci`

ماذا يفعل

طريقة الكتابة

الخيارات 22

Display

Select

Data sources

أمثلة 10

1All PCI devices

2Devices with their drivers

3Network cards only

4IDs for driver search

5One device in detail

6Tree view

7Only Intel devices

8Check the PCIe link speed of an NVMe disk

9Update the ID database

10Hardware inventory for audits

الملفات

رموز الخروج

الدليل الكامل

ماذا يفعل

طريقة الكتابة

الخيارات 22

Display

Select

Data sources

أمثلة 10

1All PCI devices

2Devices with their drivers

3Network cards only

4IDs for driver search

5One device in detail

6Tree view

7Only Intel devices

8Check the PCIe link speed of an NVMe disk

9Update the ID database

10Hardware inventory for audits

الملفات

رموز الخروج

أوامر مرتبطة

مُستخدم في هذه الدروس

الدليل الكامل

`lspci`